Porphyrin and Phthalocyanine Chemistry Open access Peer reviewed

Raman Study of Central Metals and Substituents Effects on Metal Phthalocyanines

Xiaofang Zhang, Dongliang Tian, Rongming Wang

Nanomaterials | Aug 10, 2026

Abstract

Abstract

Metal phthalocyanines (MPcs) possess outstanding thermal stability and versatile optical, catalytic, and semiconducting properties. Here, the effects of central metal ions, peripheral substituents, and substitution positions on the vibrational properties of MPcs were systematically investigated using Raman spectroscopy. The characteristic Raman band near 1530 cm−1 exhibits systematic shifts with changing metal centers (NiPc > CoPc > CuPc > ZnPc), reflecting differences in metal-ligand interactions and electronic structure. Peripheral substituents and their positions further influence the Raman response through electronic effects, vibrational coupling, and resonance enhancement. In particular, four-substituted MPcs show greater Raman shifts than their three-substituted counterparts. The results reveal clear correlations between molecular structure and Raman characteristics, providing a useful framework for understanding and designing functional phthalocyanine-based materials.

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Authors

Researchers on this paper

Xiaofang Zhang

first | University of Science and Technology Beijing

Dongliang Tian

middle | Beihang University | ORCID 0000-0002-4280-2656

Rongming Wang

last | University of Science and Technology Beijing | ORCID 0000-0003-4075-6956

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Citation

BibTeX

@article{Zhang2026Raman,
  title = {Raman Study of Central Metals and Substituents Effects on Metal Phthalocyanines},
  author = {Xiaofang Zhang and Dongliang Tian and Rongming Wang},
  journal = {Nanomaterials},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.3390/nano16160982},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/nano16160982}
}

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