Constraint Analysis of Redgram Production in Telangana, India

Abstract

Abstract

Background: Pulses are important food crops in India because they provide dietary protein and contribute to soil fertility through biological nitrogen fixation. Redgram (Cajanus cajan) is an important pulse crop grown largely under rainfed conditions, but its productivity and profitability are affected by agronomic, input, labour, credit and market-related constraints. Aims: This study identified and prioritised the major constraints experienced by redgram farmers in Telangana, India. Study Design: A multistage sampling design was used. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted through the Department of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, PJTAU, during 2024–25. Methodology: Primary data were collected from 120 redgram farmers selected from three agro-climatic zones of Telangana. One district, one mandal and two villages were selected from each zone on the basis of maximum area under redgram cultivation, and 20 farmers were randomly selected from each village. Data were obtained through personal interviews using a structured schedule. The Garrett ranking technique was applied to convert farmers’ ranks into scores and to determine the relative severity of constraints. Results: The ranking showed inter-district variation in the severity of constraints, but several problems were common across the study area. Overall, non-availability of credit was the most serious constraint, with a mean score of 73.44 and first rank. Labour shortage and higher wages ranked second, followed by non-remunerative prices, high cost of machinery, unavailability of machinery and equipment, and lack of irrigation water facilities. Farmers also reported constraints related to high cost of plant protection chemicals, lack of technical knowledge, high cost of seed and fertiliser, pest and disease incidence, low seed viability, storage and market facilities. Conclusion: The findings indicate that timely institutional credit, labour-saving mechanisation, improved irrigation access, price support and farmer-oriented extension services are important for reducing constraints in redgram cultivation.