Land Rights and Reforms
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Abstract
Abstract
Tanzania’s government framed the relocation of pastoralists from Ngorongoro Conservation Area in the Arusha Region, starting in January 2022, as a necessary measure to save the area from environmental degradation, while providing a secure land tenure and better living conditions for pastoralists. This article situates the relocation in Tanzania’s present contested political context, analyzing how the increasing reconsolidation of power under the Presidency has impacted the land tenure of a marginalized pastoralist community. Informed by the theory of access, it argues firstly that a land degradation narrative was invoked and weaponized to mask the hidden economic interests of powerful actors benefiting from NCA, whilst legitimizing domination over land belonging to marginalized pastoral communities. Secondly, even though the relocation was portrayed as a voluntary process, it violates the land rights of pastoral communities. Illicit means, threats, manipulation and force were used to relocate pastoralists. Finally, the relocation has generated resource conflicts, instead of delivering promised secure land tenure and better living conditions.
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@article{Walwa2026Politics,
title = {The Politics of Access to Land in Tanzania: Domination, Environmental Degradation, and Secure Tenure},
author = {William John Walwa},
journal = {African studies quarterly.},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.32473/asq.24.3.140494},
url = {https://doi.org/10.32473/asq.24.3.140494}
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