Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor
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It is demonstrated that itaconate is a critical arbiter of inflammatory cytokine production downstream of multiple innate signaling pathways, laying the groundwork for the development of itaconate mimetics for the treatment of autoimmunity.
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A wide variety of electrophilic derivatives of itaconate, the Kreb's cycle-derived metabolite, are immunomodulatory, yet these derivatives have overlapping and sometimes contradictory activities. Therefore, we generated a genetic system to interrogate the immunomodulatory functions of endogenously produced itaconate in human macrophages. Endogenous itaconate is driven by multiple innate signals restraining inflammatory cytokine production. Endogenous itaconate directly targets cysteine 13 in IRAK4 (disrupting IRAK4 autophosphorylation and activation), drives the degradation of nuclear factor κB, and modulates global ubiquitination patterns. As a result, cells unable to make itaconate overproduce inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1β in response to these innate activators. In contrast, the production of interferon (IFN)β, downstream of LPS, requires the production of itaconate. These data demonstrate that itaconate is a critical arbiter of inflammatory cytokine production downstream of multiple innate signaling pathways, laying the groundwork for the development of itaconate mimetics for the treatment of autoimmunity.
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@article{Bourner2024Endogenously,
title = {Endogenously produced itaconate negatively regulates innate-driven cytokine production and drives global ubiquitination in human macrophages},
author = {Luke Bourner and Linda A. Chung and Long Haiyan and Anne F. McGettrick and Junpeng Xiao and Kenneth D. Roth and Jade Bailey and Marie Strickland and Bo Tan and J. D. Cunningham and Barry Lutzke and J McGee and Francella J. Otero and David C Gemperline and Lin Zhang and Ying C. Wang and Michael J. Chalmers and Chiao-Wen Yang and Jesus A. Gutierrez and Luke O'neill and Frank C. Dorsey},
journal = {Cell Reports},
year = {2024},
doi = {10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114570},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114570}
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