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Peroxisomal import is circadian in glia and regulates sleep and lipid metabolism

Aysika Das, Irma Magaly Rivas Serna, Hua Bai

PLoS Biology | Jul 15, 2026

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Using the Drosophila brain, a striking enrichment of peroxisomes is discovered in the neuronal soma and the cortex glia that enwrap them, highlighting unique roles for peroxisomal import in both sleep and lipid metabolism in the brain.

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Peroxisomes are critical organelles that detoxify cellular waste while also catabolizing and anabolizing lipids. How peroxisomes coordinate protein import and support metabolic functions across complex tissues and timescales remains poorly understood in vivo. Using the Drosophila brain, we discover a striking enrichment of peroxisomes in the neuronal soma and the cortex glia that enwrap them. Unexpectedly, import of peroxisomal proteins into cortex glia, but not neurons, oscillated across time and peaked in the early morning. Rhythmic peroxisomal import in cortex glia autonomously required the circadian clock and Peroxin 5 (Pex5; peroxisomal biogenesis factor 5 homolog), with import persistently elevated in clock mutants. Notably, reducing Pex5 in cortex glia, but not neurons, caused hyperactivity and reduced total sleep. Moreover, brain lipid metabolism was dramatically altered upon Pex5 knockdown, with glia impacting sphingolipids and triacylglycerols, and neurons impacting phospholipids. The cell-type specificity of these Pex5 phenotypes highlights unique roles for peroxisomal import in both sleep and lipid metabolism in the brain.

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Aysika Das

first | Iowa State University | ORCID 0000-0002-2042-6207

Irma Magaly Rivas Serna

middle | University of Alberta

Hua Bai

last | Iowa State University | ORCID 0000-0003-2221-7545

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Citation

BibTeX

@article{Das2026Peroxisomal,
  title = {Peroxisomal import is circadian in glia and regulates sleep and lipid metabolism},
  author = {Aysika Das and Irma Magaly Rivas Serna and Hua Bai},
  journal = {PLoS Biology},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.1371/journal.pbio.3003901},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003901}
}

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