Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies Open access Peer reviewed

Device-Level Modeling, Cross-Axis Analysis, and Optical Characterization of a Symmetric Triple-Layer MOEMS Accelerometer

Pengfei Li, Shuang Wu, Wenhui Yan, Yujie Xiong and 5 more

Micromachines | Aug 20, 2026

Abstract

Abstract

Enhancing the proof mass without enlarging the chip area or introducing structural asymmetry is a central challenge in the development of low-noise microelectromechanical system (MEMS) accelerometers. Here, we present a symmetric triple-layer MOEMS accelerometer and analyze its device-level sensitivity trade-off, cross-axis coupling behavior, and dynamic consistency between measurement and finite-element simulations. The proposed sensing element sandwiches one without-beam mass layer between two identical with-beam layers, thereby increasing the effective proof mass while preserving mirror symmetry. A lumped-parameter model is developed to explain the sensitivity trade-off among single-layer, asymmetric double-layer, and symmetric triple-layer configurations. Finite-element simulations are used to distinguish translational cross-axis coupling from rotational cross-axis coupling. The experimental characterization of one packaged triple-layer prototype demonstrates a mechanical sensitivity of 193.91 µm/(m/s2), a 10 min output RMS fluctuation of 1.81 µg, and a measured first-order resonant frequency of 11.23 Hz, in close agreement with the tolerance-included finite-element prediction of 11.40 Hz. The resonance bandwidth further yields an apparent package-level quality factor of approximately 374 under ambient pressure, providing additional characterization of the packaged device dynamics.

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Researchers on this paper

Pengfei Li

first | Northwestern Polytechnical University

Shuang Wu

middle | Northwestern Polytechnical University | ORCID 0000-0002-7271-6599

Wenhui Yan

middle | Northwestern Polytechnical University | ORCID 0009-0007-8758-9813

Yujie Xiong

middle | Northwestern Polytechnical University

Jiaxin Sun

middle | Northwestern Polytechnical University

Chaoyue Shi

middle | Northwestern Polytechnical University

Haiyan Wang

middle | Northwestern Polytechnical University

Xiaoxu Wang

middle | Northwestern Polytechnical University | ORCID 0000-0003-4649-4483

Qianbo Lu

last | Northwestern Polytechnical University | ORCID 0000-0003-4195-7602

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Citation

BibTeX

@article{Li2026Device,
  title = {Device-Level Modeling, Cross-Axis Analysis, and Optical Characterization of a Symmetric Triple-Layer MOEMS Accelerometer},
  author = {Pengfei Li and Shuang Wu and Wenhui Yan and Yujie Xiong and Jiaxin Sun and Chaoyue Shi and Haiyan Wang and Xiaoxu Wang and Qianbo Lu},
  journal = {Micromachines},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.3390/mi17080984},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17080984}
}

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