Advanced Condensed Matter Physics Peer reviewed

Frustrated Garnet Gd3Te2Li3O12 for High-Performance Sub-Kelvin Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigeration

Dheeraj Ranaut, Govind Unnikrishnan, Samraj M, Sharath Kumar Channarayappa and 4 more

ACS Applied Electronic Materials | Oct 22, 2026

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract Owing to the limited availability and high cost of 3He, adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration (ADR) has gained considerable attention as an efficient technology for ultralow-temperature applications. Here, we demonstrate the frustrated garnet Gd3Te2Li3O12 (GTLG) as a high-performance ADR material with substantially improved cooling capability over the commercial benchmark Gd3Ga5O12 (GGG). Direct ADR measurements reveal a minimum temperature of 165 mK for GTLG, nearly two-fold lower than that of GGG (320 mK). Under a cryostat bath temperature of 1.8 K, GTLG maintains temperatures below 1 K for more than 12 h and below the 3He-temperature (0.4 K) for over 3 h, demonstrating excellent temperature stability for prolonged cryogenic operation. Magnetic and thermodynamic measurements show that GTLG undergoes antiferromagnetic ordering at TN ∼ 0.25 K while retaining strong magnetic frustration and a large magnetic entropy reservoir favorable for efficient demagnetization cooling. Field-dependent heat capacity and magnetic Grüneisen parameter measurements further reveal the presence of field-induced critical behavior that enables cooling below TN through enhanced entropy accumulation near the critical region. These findings establish GTLG as a promising next-generation magnetic refrigerant and highlight field-induced criticality as an effective design principle for developing advanced materials for ultralow-temperature refrigeration.

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Authors

Researchers on this paper

Dheeraj Ranaut

first | Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram | ORCID 0000-0001-8006-3367

Govind Unnikrishnan

middle | Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram | ORCID 0000-0002-7237-8462

Samraj M

middle | Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram

Sharath Kumar Channarayappa

middle | Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram

Prashanta K. Mukharjee

middle | University of Augsburg | ORCID 0000-0002-7987-1575

Parasuraman Saravanan

middle | UGC DAE Consortium for Scientific Research

Philipp Gegenwart

middle | University of Augsburg

D. Jaiswal‐Nagar

last | Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram | ORCID 0000-0002-2066-5646

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Citation

BibTeX

@article{Ranaut2026Frustrated,
  title = {Frustrated Garnet Gd3Te2Li3O12 for High-Performance Sub-Kelvin Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigeration},
  author = {Dheeraj Ranaut and Govind Unnikrishnan and Samraj M and Sharath Kumar Channarayappa and Prashanta K. Mukharjee and Parasuraman Saravanan and Philipp Gegenwart and D. Jaiswal‐Nagar},
  journal = {ACS Applied Electronic Materials},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.1021/acsaelm.6c01619},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.6c01619}
}

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