Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology Open access Peer reviewed

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of O6C-Salvinorin Alkyne Probes

Etienne Cotter, Giovanni Leoni, Nathan Dao, Sarah Jane Hill and 4 more

Synthesis | Sep 1, 2026

Abstract

Abstract

The salvinorins represent a unique class of polyoxygenated, non-nitrogenous diterpenes that potently and selectively modulate the kappa-opioid receptor (KOR). We recently disclosed a de novo asymmetric synthesis of this scaffold that enabled the discovery of highly potent, biased analogs, including C11-alkynes designed for the CATCH (Clearing-Assisted Tissue Click Chemistry) assay. Here, we report an optimized, scalable synthetic route that substitutes a problematic 1,4-conjugate addition of a Grignard reagent with a robust organozinc protocol in DMA, and improves a samarium-mediated Reformatsky reaction via the addition of LiBr. These methodological improvements facilitated the scalable synthesis of two highly active positive-control probes and three tailored negative-control probes, including functionally silent and cross-linking deficient analogs. A screen of >300 GPCRs confirmed the exceptional KOR selectivity of the novel alkyne probe, establishing it as a promising tool poised to validate target-specific engagement in situ, an application currently under investigation.

Direct answer

What can I do from this paper page?

Use this page to scan "Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of O6C-Salvinorin Alkyne Probes" quickly: start with the summary and abstract, then check the authors, source, topics, and related papers. From here, open Scollr to follow Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology research, save the paper, or map adjacent work.

Authors

Researchers on this paper

Etienne Cotter

first | Scripps Research Institute

Giovanni Leoni

middle | Scripps Research Institute

Nathan Dao

middle | Scripps Research Institute

Sarah Jane Hill

middle | Scripps Research Institute

Alexandra Faragher

middle | University of South Florida

Vuong Q. Dang

middle | University of South Florida

Laura Bohn

middle | University of South Florida | ORCID 0000-0002-6474-8179

Ryan A. Shenvi

last | Scripps Research Institute | ORCID 0000-0001-8353-6449

Research areas

Follow related topics

Citation

BibTeX

@article{Cotter2026Synthesis,
  title = {Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of O6C-Salvinorin Alkyne Probes},
  author = {Etienne Cotter and Giovanni Leoni and Nathan Dao and Sarah Jane Hill and Alexandra Faragher and Vuong Q. Dang and Laura Bohn and Ryan A. Shenvi},
  journal = {Synthesis},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.26434/chemrxiv.15006115/v1},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2945-3974}
}

FAQ

Using this paper in a discovery workflow

How do I find related work for this paper?

Use the related papers and topic links on this page as starting points. In Scollr, you can also open the paper and build a literature map around its references, citing papers, and related work.

How can I keep up with new Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology research papers?

Follow Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology research in Scollr. New papers from the topic flow into a personalized feed, and you can save useful studies to revisit later.

Can I cite this paper from this page?

This page includes a static BibTeX block for Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of O6C-Salvinorin Alkyne Probes. Always verify the DOI, source, and publication details against the publisher record before submitting a manuscript.

Follow this research in Scollr

Follow the topics and authors behind this paper, save useful studies, and build a literature map when you are ready to go deeper.

Get the app