From Arabic Script to Arabizi: Language Practices and Identity in Online Communication

Abstract

Abstract

This study investigates the use of Arabizi, Arabic written in Latin script, in digital communication among Lebanese users. Based on approximately 180 survey responses, the study examines patterns of script use, demographic influences, and attitudes toward Arabizi. Results indicate that Arabizi and mixed-script writing dominate informal online communication, with users reporting greater comfort typing in Latin characters. Chi-square analysis reveals a statistically significant association between age and education level on the one hand, and between “Writing Lebanese in Latin letters reflects Lebanese identity more strongly” and “Writing Lebanese in Latin letters reflects Lebanese identity more strongly” on the other, with younger participants more likely to use Arabizi. In contrast, no significant relationship is found with gender. A statistically significant association is also observed between script use and perceptions of Lebanese identity. Qualitative analysis of open-ended responses shows predominantly conditional attitudes, with participants accepting Arabizi in informal contexts but rejecting it in formal settings. The findings suggest that Arabizi is not an ideological replacement for Arabic, but rather a functional adaptation to digital communication, reflecting context-dependent and multimodal literacy practices.