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Encapsulation of AAVs into Protein Vault Nanoparticles as a Novel Solution to Gene Therapy’s Neutralizing Antibody Problem

Logan Thrasher Collins, Wandy L. Beatty, Buhle Moyo, Michele Alves‐Bezerra and 9 more

ACS Synthetic Biology | Aug 13, 2026 | 2 citations

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract Although adeno-associated virus (AAV) has enjoyed enormous success as a delivery modality for gene therapy, it suffers from high prevalence of preexisting neutralizing antibodies in human populations, limiting who can receive potentially life-saving treatments. As a novel solution to this issue, we employed SpyTag-SpyCatcher molecular glue technology to facilitate packaging of AAVs inside of recombinant protein vault nanoparticles. Vaults are endogenous particles produced by mammalian cells. We therefore hypothesized that they may shield packaged molecules from neutralizing antibodies. Vaults have previously been utilized to deliver drugs and proteins into cells, but our study represents the first time anyone has packaged an entire virus inside of a vault. We showed that our vaultAAV delivery vehicle transduces cells in the presence of anti-AAV neutralizing serum. VaultAAV is positioned as a new gene therapy delivery platform with potential to overcome the neutralizing antibody problem, expanding the scope of AAV treatments.

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Authors

Researchers on this paper

Logan Thrasher Collins

first | Washington University in St. Louis | ORCID 0000-0003-1239-4310

Wandy L. Beatty

middle | Washington University in St. Louis | ORCID 0000-0003-0715-7361

Buhle Moyo

middle | Rice University | ORCID 0000-0003-3582-2074

Michele Alves‐Bezerra

middle | Baylor College of Medicine | ORCID 0000-0003-4430-6434

Ayrea Hurley

middle | Baylor College of Medicine | ORCID 0000-0002-8697-8610

Qing Lou

middle | ORCID 0000-0002-8852-8453

Z. Hong Zhou

middle | ORCID 0000-0002-8373-4717

William R. Lagor

middle | Baylor College of Medicine | ORCID 0000-0002-1703-5125

Gang Bao

middle | Rice University | ORCID 0000-0001-5501-554X

Selvarangan Ponnazhagan

middle | University of Alabama at Birmingham | ORCID 0000-0001-5219-8379

Randall McNally

middle | ORCID 0000-0002-1919-2466

Leonard H. Rome

middle | California NanoSystems Institute | ORCID 0000-0002-1236-2063

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Citation

BibTeX

@article{Collins2026Encapsulation,
  title = {Encapsulation of AAVs into Protein Vault Nanoparticles as a Novel Solution to Gene Therapy’s Neutralizing Antibody Problem},
  author = {Logan Thrasher Collins and Wandy L. Beatty and Buhle Moyo and Michele Alves‐Bezerra and Ayrea Hurley and Qing Lou and Z. Hong Zhou and William R. Lagor and Gang Bao and Selvarangan Ponnazhagan and Randall McNally and Leonard H. Rome and David T. Curiel},
  journal = {ACS Synthetic Biology},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.1021/acssynbio.6c00512},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acssynbio.6c00512}
}

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