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Vitreoretinal Lymphoma: a clinical case highlighting the diagnostic and therapeutic challenge and the need for a multidisciplinary management

María Sanchidrián Mayo, Almudena Cabero Martínez, LUIS CACHARRO MORAS, David Alonso Castronuño and 4 more

Annals of Hematology | Jun 12, 2026

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The case of a patient with bilateral intraocular lesions and reduced visual acuity with Vitreoretinal Lymphoma, confirmed by multimodal imaging and molecular analysis of aqueous humor, achieving sustained complete remission.

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Vitreoretinal Lymphoma (VRL) is a rare ocular malignancy often presenting with atypical retinal findings, which can lead to misdiagnosis. We report the case of a patient with bilateral intraocular lesions and reduced visual acuity. Diagnosis was confirmed by multimodal imaging and molecular analysis of aqueous humor. Treatment consisted of intravitreal methotrexate and rituximab, followed by systemic chemotherapy, achieving partial resolution of the ocular lesions but subsequent ocular and systemic recurrence. After rescue treatment, patient achieved sustained complete remission. Early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach are essential, and multimodal imaging combined with molecular diagnostics is key in confirming the diagnosis.

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Authors

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María Sanchidrián Mayo

first | Universidad de Salamanca

Almudena Cabero Martínez

middle | Universidad de Salamanca

LUIS CACHARRO MORAS

middle | Universidad de Salamanca

David Alonso Castronuño

middle | Universidad de Salamanca

María García‐Álvarez

middle | Universidad de Salamanca | ORCID 0000-0001-8864-1168

OSCAR JAVIER BLANCO MUÑEZ

middle | Universidad de Salamanca

Alejandro Martín García Sancho

middle | Universidad de Salamanca

NORA CARMEN GUTIERREZ GUTIERREZ

last | Universidad de Salamanca

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BibTeX

@article{Mayo2026Vitreoretinal,
  title = {Vitreoretinal Lymphoma: a clinical case highlighting the diagnostic and therapeutic challenge and the need for a multidisciplinary management},
  author = {María Sanchidrián Mayo and Almudena Cabero Martínez and LUIS CACHARRO MORAS and David Alonso Castronuño and María García‐Álvarez and OSCAR JAVIER BLANCO MUÑEZ and Alejandro Martín García Sancho and NORA CARMEN GUTIERREZ GUTIERREZ},
  journal = {Annals of Hematology},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.1007/s00277-026-07122-w},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-026-07122-w}
}

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