Banking stability, regulation, efficiency Peer reviewed

Stablecoins and the Upcoming Battle for Depositors

Viral V. Acharya, Peter Koudijs, Bruce Tuckman

Financial Review | Sep 21, 2026

Abstract

Abstract

ABSTRACT We lay out the research questions raised by the GENIUS Act of 2025 which creates a federal framework in the United States for payment stablecoins that may compete for balances with bank deposits. We first set out the motivating facts: what stablecoins are used for, what the Act does and leaves open, why a bank deposit is one leg of a bundle rather than a standalone product, and what happened when a previous innovation, namely money market funds, competed for deposits. These facts pose three policy questions relating to payment stablecoins and their issuers— payment of interest or rewards; access to Federal Reserve settlement systems; and obtaining national trust bank charters— and two analytical questions— which depositors might withdraw funds from bank to buy stablecoins and with what welfare consequences.

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Authors

Researchers on this paper

Viral V. Acharya

first | Center for Economic and Policy Research | ORCID 0000-0002-8925-4239

Peter Koudijs

middle | New York University | ORCID 0000-0002-9889-2996

Bruce Tuckman

last | New York University

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Citation

BibTeX

@article{Acharya2026Stablecoins,
  title = {Stablecoins and the Upcoming Battle for Depositors},
  author = {Viral V. Acharya and Peter Koudijs and Bruce Tuckman},
  journal = {Financial Review},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.1111/fire.70088},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1111/fire.70088}
}

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