Biodiesel Production and Applications Peer reviewed

Process Optimization and LSTM Modeling of Nano‐Enhanced Waste Fat Biodiesel Combustion

Gayathry S. Warrier, Thiyagarajan Chandran, J. N. S. S. Janardhana Naidu, Ravikumar Jayabal and 2 more

Chemical Engineering & Technology | Jul 30, 2026

Abstract

Abstract

ABSTRACT Waste‐derived biodiesel offers a sustainable alternative to diesel fuel but faces challenges in combustion and emissions. This study evaluates a CRDI diesel engine fueled with B50 duck waste fat biodiesel blended with 50 ppm Al(NO 3 ) 3 nanoparticles under varying injection timings (21–25°CA bTDC) and injection pressures (500–600 bar). A long short‐term memory (LSTM) model was developed to predict performance and emissions. Under optimal conditions (25°CA bTDC and 600 bar), brake thermal efficiency (BTE) reached 30.85%, whereas smoke, hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions decreased by 17.04%, 20.14%, 27.17%, and 16.8%, respectively, compared with diesel. The LSTM model achieved R 2 values above 0.92 for all outputs. The novelty lies in combining Al(NO 3 ) 3 nano‐additives, injection optimization, and LSTM modeling to improve the combustion and emission characteristics of waste‐fat biodiesel in CRDI engines.

Direct answer

What can I do from this paper page?

Use this page to scan "Process Optimization and LSTM Modeling of Nano‐Enhanced Waste Fat Biodiesel Combustion" quickly: start with the summary and abstract, then check the authors, source, topics, and related papers. From here, open Scollr to follow Biodiesel Production and Applications research, save the paper, or map adjacent work.

Authors

Researchers on this paper

Gayathry S. Warrier

first | Christ University

Thiyagarajan Chandran

middle | Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada)

J. N. S. S. Janardhana Naidu

middle | Jain Vishva Bharati University

Ravikumar Jayabal

middle | Chennai Mathematical Institute | ORCID 0000-0001-7877-9913

Mukilarasan Nedunchezhiyan

middle | AMET University

Kumar Subarayan

last | Chennai Mathematical Institute

Research areas

Follow related topics

Citation

BibTeX

@article{Warrier2026Process,
  title = {Process Optimization and LSTM Modeling of Nano‐Enhanced Waste Fat Biodiesel Combustion},
  author = {Gayathry S. Warrier and Thiyagarajan Chandran and J. N. S. S. Janardhana Naidu and Ravikumar Jayabal and Mukilarasan Nedunchezhiyan and Kumar Subarayan},
  journal = {Chemical Engineering & Technology},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.1002/ceat.70284},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.70284}
}

FAQ

Using this paper in a discovery workflow

How do I find related work for this paper?

Use the related papers and topic links on this page as starting points. In Scollr, you can also open the paper and build a literature map around its references, citing papers, and related work.

How can I keep up with new Biodiesel Production and Applications research papers?

Follow Biodiesel Production and Applications research in Scollr. New papers from the topic flow into a personalized feed, and you can save useful studies to revisit later.

Can I cite this paper from this page?

This page includes a static BibTeX block for Process Optimization and LSTM Modeling of Nano‐Enhanced Waste Fat Biodiesel Combustion. Always verify the DOI, source, and publication details against the publisher record before submitting a manuscript.

Follow this research in Scollr

Follow the topics and authors behind this paper, save useful studies, and build a literature map when you are ready to go deeper.

Get the app