Challenges faced by women in the diagnosis and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: a qualitative study

Abstract

Abstract

Objective This study aims to examine the challenges experienced by women in the diagnosis and management of PCOS. Methods This study is qualitative and phenomenological. The study included 19 women with PCOS aged over 18 years. The data were collected via a semistructured interview guide with open-ended questions. Content analysis of the transcripts was performed with the MaxQDA Analytics Pro 2024 program to analyze the qualitative data. Results The participants had an average age of 23.1 years; 42.1% were overweight or obese, with an average BMI of 24.2. Six main themes were identified: PCOS diagnosis experiences, treatment-related changes, management strategies, experienced challenges, symptoms and coping approaches, and uncertainties and concerns. Participants described diagnosis and treatment as emotionally demanding processes shaped by insufficient information, uncertainty, limited multidisciplinary support, appearance-related distress, fertility concerns, and self-directed coping strategies. Many women reported managing PCOS largely through self-directed strategies, such as medication use, dietary changes, physical activity, cosmetic procedures, and informal information seeking, often without structured multidisciplinary support. Conclusion Women had difficulty accepting the diagnosis and experienced feelings of disappointment and anxiety. During this period, rejection of treatment, feelings of uncertainty, and a lack of information and support were commonly reported. A multidisciplinary team should be recommended to provide women with comprehensive information, education, and counseling services.