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Effect of Forced-Air Solar Drying and Biogas-Assisted Hybrid Solar Drying on the Overall Quality of Dehydrated Andean Berries

Merbelita Yalta Chappa, Homar Santillan Gomez, Sandra Mori-Vigo, Fernando Isaac Espinoza Canaza and 6 more

Foods | Oct 20, 2026

Abstract

Abstract

This study evaluated the effect of forced-air solar drying and biogas-assisted hybrid solar drying on the overall quality of dehydrated Andean berries. Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) and goldenberry (Physalis peruviana) were analyzed before and after dehydration using two systems: forced-air solar drying (DCFA) and biogas-assisted hybrid solar drying (DCFA-BG). Physicochemical properties, instrumental color, texture, rehydration index, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity were determined. Drying markedly reduced moisture content and water activity in both fruits. In blueberry, DCFA-BG achieved the lowest moisture content (22.00%) and water activity (0.65), whereas goldenberry showed similar final moisture contents under both systems, with lower water activity under DCFA-BG (0.64). Total soluble solids and titratable acidity increased after drying, indicating solute concentration. Color changes were more pronounced in goldenberry, while blueberry showed moderate chromatic variation. Blueberry firmness increased after drying, whereas goldenberry exhibited treatment-dependent textural responses. Blueberry showed greater retention of bioactive properties, with increased antioxidant capacity after drying, whereas goldenberry exhibited substantial reductions in phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity. Overall, biogas-assisted hybrid solar drying effectively reduced moisture content and water activity, although its effects on product quality depended on the fruit matrix. These findings support its potential application as a sustainable alternative for processing perishable fruits in high-Andean rural agroindustrial contexts.

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Authors

Researchers on this paper

Merbelita Yalta Chappa

first | National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza | ORCID 0000-0003-3878-9353

Homar Santillan Gomez

middle | National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza | ORCID 0009-0001-2158-918X

Sandra Mori-Vigo

middle | National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza | ORCID 0000-0001-9728-289X

Fernando Isaac Espinoza Canaza

middle | National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza | ORCID 0000-0002-6634-1970

Wildor Gosgot Ángeles

middle | National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza | ORCID 0000-0002-7301-2809

Diana Carina Mori Servan

middle | National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza | ORCID 0000-0002-6292-233X

Manuel Oliva

middle | National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza | ORCID 0000-0002-9670-0970

Amancio Human Lopez

middle | National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza

Carla Ramírez

middle | National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza | ORCID 0000-0001-9146-0894

Miguel Ángel Barrena Gurbillón

last | National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza | ORCID 0000-0002-4200-4101

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Citation

BibTeX

@article{Chappa2026Effect,
  title = {Effect of Forced-Air Solar Drying and Biogas-Assisted Hybrid Solar Drying on the Overall Quality of Dehydrated Andean Berries},
  author = {Merbelita Yalta Chappa and Homar Santillan Gomez and Sandra Mori-Vigo and Fernando Isaac Espinoza Canaza and Wildor Gosgot Ángeles and Diana Carina Mori Servan and Manuel Oliva and Amancio Human Lopez and Carla Ramírez and Miguel Ángel Barrena Gurbillón},
  journal = {Foods},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.3390/foods15203735},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/foods15203735}
}

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