Brain Metastases and Treatment Open access Peer reviewed

Tumor control probability and safety of reirradiation with stereotactic radiosurgery for local recurrence of brain metastases after prior stereotactic radiosurgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Xiaofeng Wang, Churong Li, Hui Bai, Hai Zeng and 3 more

Radiation Oncology | Sep 5, 2026

Abstract

Abstract

Stereotactic re-irradiation (re-SRT) is a promising salvage treatment for locally recurrent brain metastases (BMs) after prior stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT), but its feasibility and safety remain insufficiently validated. A systematic search was conducted for studies involving patients who received re-SRT, following PRISMA guidelines. Pooled local control rate (LCR), overall survival (OS), and radiation necrosis (RN) rates were calculated using a random-effects model. Meta-regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the relationship between variables and outcomes. Logistic dose–response models were hypothetically constructed for tumor control probability (TCP) in terms of the biological effective dose using an α/β of 10 Gy (BED 10 ). Fourteen studies (687 patients, 896 BMs) were included, with a median BED 10 of 50.4 Gy. Pooled 1-year LCR and OS rate were 76% (95% CI: 73–79%) and 62% (95% CI: 52–70%), respectively. Pooled RN and symptomatic RN rates were 21% and 10%. BED 10 was positively associated with 1-year LCR ( P = 0.007), with a significant dose-response relationship. Re-SRT is effective for recurrent BMs but carries a relatively high risk of symptomatic RN. Further research on re-SRT combined with innovative therapies (e.g., immunotherapy) is needed to improve efficacy and reduce toxicity.

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Authors

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Xiaofeng Wang

first | Sichuan Cancer Hospital

Churong Li

middle | Sichuan Cancer Hospital | ORCID 0000-0002-4361-1704

Hui Bai

middle | Sichuan Cancer Hospital

Hai Zeng

middle | Yangtze University

Lintao Li

middle | Sichuan Cancer Hospital

Jie Zhou

middle | Sichuan Cancer Hospital | ORCID 0000-0002-9217-9516

Shun Lu

last | Sichuan Cancer Hospital | ORCID 0000-0002-1833-475X

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Citation

BibTeX

@article{Wang2026Tumor,
  title = {Tumor control probability and safety of reirradiation with stereotactic radiosurgery for local recurrence of brain metastases after prior stereotactic radiosurgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis},
  author = {Xiaofeng Wang and Churong Li and Hui Bai and Hai Zeng and Lintao Li and Jie Zhou and Shun Lu},
  journal = {Radiation Oncology},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.1186/s13014-026-02914-w},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13014-026-02914-w}
}

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