Serum adipocytokine levels in patients with renal cell carcinoma

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INTRODUCTION: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common neoplasm with well-characterized risk factors, including obesity. The relationshipbetween adipocytokines and neoplasms remains an area of ongoing research. This study aimed to evaluate the activity of the adipocytokinenetwork in patients with RCC. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group comprised 28 patients with newly diagnosed RCC and 20 controls. Serum levels of adipocytokines (adiponectin, irisin, omentin, visfatin, chemerin, resistin, apelin, vaspin, and nesfatin-1) were measured using enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay (ELISA). All subjects had a BMI < 30 kg/m2 and normal renal function and did not have any of the diseases listedin the exclusion criteria. RESULTS: Patients in the RCC group had lower serum levels of irisin (3.78 vs. 5.34 μg/mL, p < 0.001), adiponectin (4.92 vs. 6.89 μg/mL, p = 0.013), and nesfatin-1 (1291.0 vs. 1884.3 pg/mL, p = 0.019) than those in the control group. Resistin levels were higher in the RCC group (7.64 vs. 6.38 ng/mL, p = 0.044). We found no significant differences in the concentrations of chemerin, visfatin, apelin, vaspin, and omentin.We observed differences in correlations among adipocytokines across the study groups. In patients with RCC, positive correlations wereobserved between resistin and chemerin, resistin and vaspin, resistin and omentin, and vaspin and omentin; negative correlationswere observed between chemerin and adiponectin, resistin and irisin, and vaspin and irisin. In controls, positive correlations were observedbetween visfatin and resistin, visfatin and vaspin, chemerin and nesfatin-1, resistin and vaspin, and nesfatin-1 and apelin. CONCLUSIONS: The adipocytokine profile in patients with RCC differs from that of controls. This suggests their potential role as prognostic, diagnostic, and monitoring tools in RCC. It also suggests that patients with RCC have distinct metabolic profiles.