Heat and Mass Transfer in Porous Media Open access Peer reviewed

Comparative Study of Gas and Liquid Flow in Packed Beds Using Phase‐Contrast MRI

Maitreyi Sangal, Mariia Anikeeva, Frank Godenschweger, Jan‐Bernd Hövener and 1 more

Chemie Ingenieur Technik | Aug 4, 2026

Abstract

Abstract

ABSTRACT Magnetic resonance (MR) allows imaging and mapping of parameters, such as flow or temperature of fluids, in optically opaque packed‐bed reactors (PBRs). Although velocity‐encoding MRI has previously been applied to the study of PBRs, most investigations have focused on liquid flow, as gas‐phase measurements remain challenging due to the low density and resulting low signal‐to‐noise ratio of gases. In this work, phase‐contrast MRI was used to map and compare qualitatively and quantitatively the flow of a hydrocarbon gas and water in fixed‐bed reactors, operated at comparable Reynolds numbers, at magnetic field strengths of 3 and 7 T. In addition, the same pulse sequence was applied in a second experimental setup to obtain temperature maps, setting the basis for future simultaneous flow and temperature measurements in optically opaque packed beds.

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Authors

Researchers on this paper

Maitreyi Sangal

first | Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg

Mariia Anikeeva

middle | University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein | ORCID 0000-0002-2443-9910

Frank Godenschweger

middle | Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg

Jan‐Bernd Hövener

middle | University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein | ORCID 0000-0001-7255-7252

Oliver Speck

last | German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases | ORCID 0000-0002-6019-5597

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Citation

BibTeX

@article{Sangal2026Comparative,
  title = {Comparative Study of Gas and Liquid Flow in Packed Beds Using Phase‐Contrast MRI},
  author = {Maitreyi Sangal and Mariia Anikeeva and Frank Godenschweger and Jan‐Bernd Hövener and Oliver Speck},
  journal = {Chemie Ingenieur Technik},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.1002/cite.70154},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.70154}
}

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