Corporate Insolvency and Governance Open access Peer reviewed

Can Small Businesses Survive Chapter 11?

Edith Hotchkiss, Benjamin Charles Iverson, Zheng Xiang

The Journal of Finance | Aug 19, 2026 | 5 citations

Abstract

Abstract

A majority of small U.S. businesses attempting to reorganize in bankruptcy fail to successfully do so. Subchapter V of Chapter 11 was introduced in 2020 for firms with less than $7.5 million in liabilities to streamline the process by reducing bankruptcy costs and negotiation frictions, and enabling entrepreneurs to retain their ownership. Employing regression-discontinuity and difference-in-differences designs, we show that many small businesses reorganize under the new procedures that otherwise would have been liquidated. Further, expected creditor recoveries and post-bankruptcy survival rates are at least as high in Subchapter V as in similar traditional small business reorganizations. Our results show that the increased ability to preserve small businesses is not associated with a bias toward continuing unviable firms, and that creditors are not harmed by a shift in bargaining power toward small business owners.

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Authors

Researchers on this paper

Edith Hotchkiss

first | Boston College | ORCID 0000-0002-3345-2244

Benjamin Charles Iverson

middle | Brigham Young University | ORCID 0000-0001-7175-8407

Zheng Xiang

last | University of Connecticut | ORCID 0009-0004-6438-0943

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Citation

BibTeX

@article{Hotchkiss2026Small,
  title = {Can Small Businesses Survive Chapter 11?},
  author = {Edith Hotchkiss and Benjamin Charles Iverson and Zheng Xiang},
  journal = {The Journal of Finance},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.1111/jofi.70076},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1111/jofi.70076}
}

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