Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies Open access Peer reviewed

Thick Metal Film Patterning by Bi-Layer Lift-Off Process for MEMS Application

Yiyi Hong, Yinfang Zhu, Bo Niu, Jinchao Li and 4 more

Electronics | Jul 24, 2026

Abstract

Abstract

An integrated spray-coated bi-layer lift-off process using the same positive photoresist is investigated for thick Ti patterning on structured MEMS wafers. Compared with conventional spin coating, spray coating provides more conformal photoresist coverage on wafers with 30–50 µm surface topography and reduces the local top–bottom thickness variation from approximately 30% to below 5%. By combining spray coating, heated-chuck drying, and flood exposure of the first resist layer, the integrated process improves thickness retention of the bi-layer resist and enables controlled lateral dissolution during development. After optimizing the development time, a lateral undercut of approximately 3.5 µm was obtained, which is consistent with the expected “T-shaped” resist profile. Representative 600 nm thick Ti patterns were fabricated on structured silicon wafers using this process. The results indicate that the proposed process is a feasible route for local thick-metal patterning on structured MEMS substrates under the present experimental conditions.

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Authors

Researchers on this paper

Yiyi Hong

first | Chinese Academy of Sciences

Yinfang Zhu

middle | Chinese Academy of Sciences | ORCID 0000-0001-7239-6823

Bo Niu

middle | Chinese Academy of Sciences

Jinchao Li

middle | Chinese Academy of Sciences | ORCID 0009-0004-1204-5094

Yi Yang

middle | ORCID 0000-0002-4091-8532

Xiaoqin Zhu

middle

Dapeng Guo

middle

Shuaipeng Wang

last | Beijing Microelectronics Technology Institute | ORCID 0000-0003-2938-2244

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Citation

BibTeX

@article{Hong2026Thick,
  title = {Thick Metal Film Patterning by Bi-Layer Lift-Off Process for MEMS Application},
  author = {Yiyi Hong and Yinfang Zhu and Bo Niu and Jinchao Li and Yi Yang and Xiaoqin Zhu and Dapeng Guo and Shuaipeng Wang},
  journal = {Electronics},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.3390/electronics15153259},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics15153259}
}

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