Advanced optical system design
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Peer reviewed
Abstract
Abstract
Automatic initial-structure design for zoom lenses is challenging because an ideal layout must be converted into real lens groups without disrupting the coupled ray states and principal-plane separations across zoom positions. We propose a three-stage group-by-group physicalization method. It generates first-order zoom layouts, sequentially physicalizes the groups by inheriting upstream ray states and matching principal-plane separations, and then assembles and refines complete systems. Differentiable surface-intersection and total-internal-reflection losses estimated from paraxial rays screen infeasible structures before full-system real-ray tracing. Tests on 3 × and 40 × visible zoom lenses and a 30 × infrared zoom lens produced thousands of constraint-satisfying structures within tens of minutes. Ablation studies further show that the sequential strategy and ray-feasibility constraints substantially increase both the number and rate of ray-traceable candidates. The method therefore provides an efficient route to practical zoom-lens initial structures.
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@article{Wang2026Three,
title = {Three-stage group-by-group physicalization method for automatic zoom lens design based on principal-plane matching},
author = {Duo Wang and Tianjiao Fu and Qinshi Ye and Xingxiang ZHANG and Kaizhi Wang and Xiaobing Liu},
journal = {Optics and Lasers in Engineering},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.1016/j.optlaseng.2026.110160},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2026.110160}
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