Electromagnetic Scattering and Analysis Open access

Amending the Maxwell’s Equations for Moving Media

Gaobiao Xiao

Preprints.org | Jul 8, 2026

Abstract

Abstract

This article proposed to amend the Chu formulation Maxwell’s equations for moving media. The Fresnel’s coefficient is correctly derived from the classical electromagnetic theory. The Maxwell’s equations for moving media are theoretical bases for analyzing the electromagnetic scattering properties of moving media. However, the magnetization effect due to moving electric dipoles has not been taken into account in the formulations, and the Frensel’s dragging coefficient cannot be correctly derived from them. These inconsistencies have cast a shadow on their applications in the analysis of scattering problems involving fast-moving media. The method in modeling a moving Hertzian dipole and that in modelling the polarization in a moving medium are compared. The plane wave solutions for the Maxwell’s equations in uniformly moving media are used for deriving the Fresnel’s coefficient. The results show that the two inconsistencies are closely related and can be removed together if the Chu formulation Maxwell’s equations for moving media are amended by taking into account the magnetization effect.

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Gaobiao Xiao

first | ORCID 0000-0001-5547-9475

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@article{Xiao2026Amending,
  title = {Amending the Maxwell’s Equations for Moving Media},
  author = {Gaobiao Xiao},
  journal = {Preprints.org},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.20944/preprints202607.0544.v1},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202607.0544.v1}
}

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