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Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Masquerading as Mucocutaneous Candidiasis: A Rare Disorder

Vijaya Veeranna Sajjan, Meenakshi B Ramanna, R Siva Elango, Bhavana R. Doshi

Clinical Dermatology Review | Jun 4, 2026

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS-1) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder. It is caused by a loss of immune tolerance due to a mutation in the autoimmune regulator gene. Its systemic features include the presence of autoimmunity against multiple endocrine organs, and its cutaneous features include the presence of chronic candidiasis of the mucosa, nails, and skin. We report a case of an 8-year-old male presenting with progressive blackening of the nails, recurrent oral candidiasis, and acute paronychia. Clinical, laboratory, and genetic evaluations confirmed APS-1. The patient was managed with itraconazole, supportive therapy, and an antifungal mouthwash. Early recognition and a multidisciplinary approach are crucial in managing APS-1.

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Authors

Researchers on this paper

Vijaya Veeranna Sajjan

first | KLE University

Meenakshi B Ramanna

middle | KLE University

R Siva Elango

middle | KLE University

Bhavana R. Doshi

last | KLE University

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Citation

BibTeX

@article{Sajjan2026Autoimmune,
  title = {Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Masquerading as Mucocutaneous Candidiasis: A Rare Disorder},
  author = {Vijaya Veeranna Sajjan and Meenakshi B Ramanna and R Siva Elango and Bhavana R. Doshi},
  journal = {Clinical Dermatology Review},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.4103/cdr.cdr_227_25},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.4103/cdr.cdr_227_25}
}

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