T-cell and Retrovirus Studies Open access Peer reviewed

CRISPR-mediated excision of HTLV-1 reduces proviral loads in PBMCs from HAM/TSP patients

Samuel Brancazio, Kamel Khalili, Steven Jacobson, Rafal Kaminski

Journal of NeuroVirology | Aug 29, 2026

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It is demonstrated in vitro that CRISPR can be used to excise the HTLV-1 genome and reduce proviral loads in PBMCs from HAM/TSP patients and may serve as a platform for curing HAM/TSP.

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CRISPR technology is emerging as a promising therapeutic approach for eliminating chronic viral infections, such as herpesviruses and HIV. Here, for the first time, we demonstrate in vitro that CRISPR can be used to excise the HTLV-1 genome and reduce proviral loads in PBMCs from HAM/TSP (HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis) patients. Single treatment with CRISPR-RNP (ribonucleoprotein) complexes composed of two gRNAs targeting the HTLV-1 env gene and 3'LTR sequences resulted in excision of a 2613 bp segment of the proviral genome, spanning tax and HBZ genes, without detectable off-target activity. Furthermore, CRISPR treatment led to over 50% reduction in proviral loads 5 days post-electroporation. Our data indicate that CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing can be used as a therapeutic strategy to eliminate HTLV-1 DNA from infected cells and may serve as a platform for curing HAM/TSP.

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Authors

Researchers on this paper

Samuel Brancazio

first | Temple University

Kamel Khalili

middle | Temple University | ORCID 0000-0002-6819-5217

Steven Jacobson

middle | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke | ORCID 0000-0003-3127-1287

Rafal Kaminski

last | Temple University

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Citation

BibTeX

@article{Brancazio2026CRISPR,
  title = {CRISPR-mediated excision of HTLV-1 reduces proviral loads in PBMCs from HAM/TSP patients},
  author = {Samuel Brancazio and Kamel Khalili and Steven Jacobson and Rafal Kaminski},
  journal = {Journal of NeuroVirology},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.1007/s13365-026-01333-7},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-026-01333-7}
}

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