International Student and Expatriate Challenges
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Abstract
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to determine the level of intercultural competencies, including sensitivity, intelligence, effectiveness, and maturity, among future managers and to assess the relationships between these constructs. The study was conducted among 486 management students using four measurement scales designed to diagnose intercultural competencies. The findings reveal a diversified level of competencies as well as significant relationships between the analysed constructs. Based on the results, a modification of M. Bennett’s Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity is proposed by introducing a reflective stage, which allows intercultural sensitivity development to be perceived as a dynamic and non-linear process. The article provides a theoretical contribution in the form of a modified model and a practical one related to preparing future managers to work in culturally diverse environments.
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@article{Szydo2026Measuring,
title = {Measuring intercultural competences: analysis of selected constructs and research tools},
author = {Joanna Szydło and Agnieszka Rzepka and Elvira Nica and George Lăzăroiu and Mirosława Czerniawska},
journal = {Economics and Environment},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.34659/eis.2026.97.2.1299},
url = {https://doi.org/10.34659/eis.2026.97.2.1299}
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