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Cyclin D1 serves as a molecular hallmark of differentiation in breast cancer, being robustly maintained in hormone-dependent, lower-grade tumors and lost in aggressive, de-differentiated phenotypes.
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Background: Breast cancer in India often presents with aggressive characteristics and high mortality. Cyclin D1 is a critical regulator of the G1/S phase transition and is emerging as a significant biomarker.Methods: A cross-sectional study of 52 mastectomy specimens was conducted. Histological grading (Nottingham modification) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for ER, PR, Her2Neu, and Cyclin D1 were performed. Result: Cyclin D1 positivity was observed in 51.9% of cases. A highly significant positive correlation was found between Cyclin D1 expression and ER status (p < 0.001) and PR status (p < 0.001). Conversely, Cyclin D1 showed a strong inverse correlation with histological grade (p = 0.002); Grade III tumors were significantly more likely to be Cyclin D1 negative. No significant correlation was found with age, tumor size, or lymph node status.Conclusion: Cyclin D1 serves as a molecular hallmark of differentiation in breast cancer, being robustly maintained in hormone-dependent, lower-grade tumors and lost in aggressive, de-differentiated phenotypes.
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@article{Verma2026Evolving,
title = {The Evolving Role of Cyclin D1 as a Biological Surrogate for Differentiation and Hormone Receptor Status in Breast Carcinoma},
author = {Abhishek Verma and Manisha Sharma and Manas Madan and Karamjit S. Gill},
journal = {Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.21276/apalm.3885},
url = {https://doi.org/10.21276/apalm.3885}
}
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