Advanced Data Storage Technologies Peer reviewed

Capture-cross-section conversion ratio for compact models enabling fast V T distribution simulation of 3-D NAND flash memory

Haechan Choi, Sangmin Ahn, Jinil Yoo, Sungju Kim and 2 more

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics | Aug 19, 2026

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract A model-bridging framework is developed to connect direct trapping (DT) and indirect trapping (IT) models for fastening threshold voltage (VT) distribution simulation by program and erase operations of 3-D NAND flash memory using a conversion ratio (CR), which is employed here as a model-dependent scaling factor. By equating volumetric trapping rates from validated IT-based formulations, CR captures dependencies on capture cross section, mobility, and electrical field, and is applied to adjust DT capture these parameters. The revised DT-based model with CR reproduces IT-level accuracy (less than 4% error with experiment-calibrated TCAD for ISPP operation), while achieving up to x1500 faster runtimes. It also shows physically intuitive tendency across various device parameters. For a 16 KB-scale simulation, the resulting VT distributions by DT-based model with CR reproduce the IT-based distributions. The proposed framework therefore provides a fast and practical route for large-scale VT distribution simulation of 3-D NAND flash memory.

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Authors

Researchers on this paper

Haechan Choi

first | Seoul National University | ORCID 0009-0006-8820-3348

Sangmin Ahn

middle | Seoul National University | ORCID 0009-0000-3393-0739

Jinil Yoo

middle | Seoul National University | ORCID 0009-0007-0681-0134

Sungju Kim

middle | Seoul National University

Myung Jin

middle | Seoul National University | ORCID 0009-0009-6329-3123

Hyungcheol Shin

last | Seoul National University

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Citation

BibTeX

@article{Choi2026Capture,
  title = {Capture-cross-section conversion ratio for compact models enabling fast V T distribution simulation of 3-D NAND flash memory},
  author = {Haechan Choi and Sangmin Ahn and Jinil Yoo and Sungju Kim and Myung Jin and Hyungcheol Shin},
  journal = {Japanese Journal of Applied Physics},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.35848/1347-4065/ae9c13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.35848/1347-4065/ae9c13}
}

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