Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
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Abstract
Abstract
Wheat, the most widely cultivated crop globally, includes multiple species with varying ploidy levels 1 . Globally cultivated species such as pasta and bread wheat belong to the Emmer lineage. In contrast, the Timopheevii lineage is of negligible agricultural significance 2 , yet it harbours genetic diversity of potential value for wheat improvement. Here, we present genomic resources for the Timopheevii wheat lineage. Our analyses uncovered extensive homoeologous exchange and genome instability in zhukovsky’s wheat, the hexaploid representative of the Timopheevii lineage. Population genomic analyses reveal a mosaic-like haplotype composition of domesticated tetraploid timopheev’s wheat, suggesting it was once cultivated across a broader geographic range. This is further supported by the discovery of ‘fossil’ haplotype segments in bread wheat landraces, likely derived from now-extinct domesticated timopheev’s wheat populations. By examining the Timopheevii lineage, we provide new insights into the evolutionary dynamics of wheat, discovering previously underexplored and potentially useful genetic diversity for wheat improvement.
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@article{Adhikari2026Evolutionary,
title = {Evolutionary dynamics of the Timopheevii wheat lineage},
author = {Laxman Adhikari and Emile Cavalet-Giorsa and Michaël Abrouk and Dal‐Hoe Koo and Samara Mireza Correia De Lemos and Thomas Lux and Georg Haberer and Vitaly Portnoy and Adil Salhi and Xin Gao and Péter Mikó and István Molnár and Nathalie Rodde and John Raupp and Hakan Özkan and M. Spannagl and Nadia Kamal and Assaf Distelfeld and Jesse Poland and Simon G. Krattinger},
journal = {bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.64898/2026.07.20.739399},
url = {https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.07.20.739399}
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