Media Studies and Communication
Peer reviewed
Abstract
Abstract
A quantitative content analysis was employed to study how different types of online news in three countries (Germany, Poland, and the United States) use camera techniques to visually frame politicians running for office. Significant differences were found when comparing nations, news type and gender of candidates. German news depicted politicians as powerful and visually dominating, while Polish news were inclined to project a negative portrayal of candidates using extreme-close-ups. Online television followed journalism practices from traditional television, using medium shots and eye-level shots, while digital-native news and online newspapers diverged in terms of camera angles and movements. Visual depictions of male candidates conveyed strength and power more often than female candidates. Finally, camera techniques did not predict winners/losers of elections.
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@article{Famulari2026Visualizing,
title = {Visualizing Election Campaigns: How Online News in Germany, Poland and the United States Use Camera Techniques to Portray Politicians Running for Office},
author = {Umberto Famulari and Lesa Hatley Major},
journal = {Visual Communication Quarterly},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.1080/15551393.2026.2638167},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/15551393.2026.2638167}
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