Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress Open access Peer reviewed

Effects of α- and β-Carotene on Liver Diseases Improvement: A Systematic Review

Lu Dong, Jinfeng Fu, Jingbo Zhou, Liping Du and 2 more

Food as Medicine | Jul 23, 2026

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What this paper is about

Dietary intake of β-carotene tends to reduce the risk of liver disease, while dietary α-carotene intake was not associated with a reduced risk of liver cancer and NAFLD in obese populations, which inspired us to develop fresh concepts for modifying meals for various populations.

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Objectives: Chronic liver disease (CLD) has become a major disease that threatens human health. Oxidative stress (OS) is a major contributor to the deterioration of CLD. α- and β-carotene, naturally occurring micronutrients with biological activities such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer, have been used to defend against or treat CLD. This systematic review aims to explore the role of α- and β-carotene in the prevention and treatment of CLD. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was undertaken on PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and CNKI databases from 1993 to 2021, with a deadline of January 2023, and 16 studies were ultimately included in this review. Result: β-carotene supplementation significantly reduced liver fibrosis (SMD = 39.78, 95% CI [−55.55, −24.01]), while gender and obesity status showed no statistical difference. Dietary α‑carotene intake was not associated with a reduced risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (SMD = 1.09, 95% CI [0.82, 1.36]). However, the serum carotene measurement group with carotenoid supplementation (MD = −5.79; 95% CI [−109.58, 98.00]) was a trend toward improvement of liver disease. Conclusions: Dietary intake of β-carotene tends to reduce the risk of liver disease, while dietary α-carotene intake was not associated with a reduced risk of liver cancer and NAFLD in obese populations, which inspired us to develop fresh concepts for modifying meals for various populations.

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Authors

Researchers on this paper

Lu Dong

first | Xuchang University

Jinfeng Fu

middle | Xuchang University | ORCID 0000-0001-8823-399X

Jingbo Zhou

middle | Rice Research Institute

Liping Du

middle | Tianjin University of Science and Technology

Yi-Xiang Wang

middle | Xuchang University | ORCID 0000-0001-5697-0717

Ju Huang

last | Henan University

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Citation

BibTeX

@article{Dong2026Effects,
  title = {Effects of α- and β-Carotene on Liver Diseases Improvement: A Systematic Review},
  author = {Lu Dong and Jinfeng Fu and Jingbo Zhou and Liping Du and Yi-Xiang Wang and Ju Huang},
  journal = {Food as Medicine},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.53941/fm.2026.100007},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.53941/fm.2026.100007}
}

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