Food Chemistry and Fat Analysis Open access Peer reviewed

Development of low-calorie high protein cookies by replacing solid-fat with Brewer’s spent grains protein-based oleogel

Navin Rohit Thirumugam, Rithanya Rajamane Kaavya, Tharun Vignesh Kumaraganesh, Gnana Moorthy Eswaran Ulaganathan and 2 more

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems | Jul 22, 2026

Abstract

Abstract

The demand for alternate fats to conventional solid fats is rising due to their positive impact on a healthy lifestyle. By utilizing the structure-forming properties of Brewer’s spent grains (BSG) protein, the protein oleogel has been fabricated using beeswax and Grape pomace oil (GPO) by sous-vide and shear mixing method. The functional and stability properties of Brewer’s spent grains protein have been investigated and found to have a water-holding capacity of 62.13%, oil absorption capacity of 32.21%, emulsifying absorption index of 27.1 m 2 /100 g, solubility of 52.2%, foaming capacity of 60.8%, and thermal stability of 106.57 °C. Cookies are prepared by replacing butter using developed oleogel in the range of 25, 50, 75, and 100% and analyzed for texture analysis, overall sensory acceptability, proximate composition, and morphological properties. The results show that developed cookies contain high protein, less saturated fat, zero trans-fat, high unsaturated fat, and low calorific value. The developed Brewer’s spent grain protein-based oleogel demonstrated significant potential as a sustainable and healthier alternative to conventional solid fat in bakery applications. The incorporation of oleogel improved the protein content while reducing saturated fat and calorific value, thereby supporting the development of functional low-calorie bakery products.

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Authors

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Navin Rohit Thirumugam

first | SRM Institute of Science and Technology

Rithanya Rajamane Kaavya

middle | SRM Institute of Science and Technology

Tharun Vignesh Kumaraganesh

middle | SRM Institute of Science and Technology

Gnana Moorthy Eswaran Ulaganathan

middle | SRM Institute of Science and Technology

Rakesh Kumar Gupta

middle | Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

Shyam K. Singh

last | University of California, Davis

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BibTeX

@article{Thirumugam2026Development,
  title = {Development of low-calorie high protein cookies by replacing solid-fat with Brewer’s spent grains protein-based oleogel},
  author = {Navin Rohit Thirumugam and Rithanya Rajamane Kaavya and Tharun Vignesh Kumaraganesh and Gnana Moorthy Eswaran Ulaganathan and Rakesh Kumar Gupta and Shyam K. Singh},
  journal = {Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.3389/fsufs.2026.1870051},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2026.1870051}
}

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