Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques Open access Peer reviewed

Performance evaluation measurement of image steganography techniques with analysis of LSB based on variation image formats

Mohammed Mahdi Hashim, Mohd Shafry Mohd Rahim, Fadil Abass Johi, Mustafa Sabah Taha and 1 more

International Journal of Engineering & Technology | Apr 16, 2026 | 41 citations

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What this paper is about

This research clarifies the diverse showing the evaluation factors based on image steganographic algorithms and focuses on im-age steganographic which is most popular in in steganographic branches.

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Recently, Steganography is an outstanding research area which used for data protection from unauthorized access. Steganography is defined as the art and science of covert information in plain sight in various media sources such as text, images, audio, video, network channel etc. so, as to not stimulate any suspicion; while steganalysis is the science of attacking the steganographic system to reveal the secret message. This research clarifies the diverse showing the evaluation factors based on image steganographic algorithms. The effectiveness of a ste-ganographic is rated to three main parameters, payload capacity, image quality measure and security measure. This study is focused on im-age steganographic which is most popular in in steganographic branches. Generally, the Least significant bit is major efficient approach utilized to embed the secret message. In addition, this paper has more detail knowledge based on Least significant bit LSB within various Images formats. All metrics are illustrated in this study with arithmetical equations while some important trends are discussed also at the end of the paper.

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Authors

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Mohammed Mahdi Hashim

first

Mohd Shafry Mohd Rahim

middle | ORCID 0000-0002-5074-2008

Fadil Abass Johi

middle

Mustafa Sabah Taha

middle | ORCID 0000-0002-4693-5325

Hassan Salman Hamad

last

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Citation

BibTeX

@article{Hashim2026Performance,
  title = {Performance evaluation measurement of image steganography techniques with analysis of LSB based on variation image formats},
  author = {Mohammed Mahdi Hashim and Mohd Shafry Mohd Rahim and Fadil Abass Johi and Mustafa Sabah Taha and Hassan Salman Hamad},
  journal = {International Journal of Engineering & Technology},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.14419/ijet.v7i4.21726},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.21726}
}

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