Semantic Web and Ontologies Open access

From manual to semi-automatic semantic annotation: about ontology-based text annotation tools

Michael Erdmann, Alexander Maedche, Hans-Peter Schnurr, Steffen Staab

Aug 17, 2026 | 155 citations

Abstract

Abstract

Semantic Annotation is a basic technology for intelli- gent content and is beneficial in a wide range of content- oriented intelligent applications. In this paper we present our work in ontology-based semantic annotation, which is embedded in a scenario of a knowledge portal appli- cation. Starting with seemingly good and bad manual semantic annotation, we describe our experiences made within the KA -initiative. The experiences gave us the starting point for developing an ergonomic and knowl- edge base-supported annotation tool. Furthermore, the annotation tool described are currently extended with mechanisms for semi-automatic information-extraction based annotation. Supporting the evolving nature of semantic content we additionally describe our idea of evolving ontologies supporting semantic annotation.

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Michael Erdmann

first | Karlsruhe University of Education

Alexander Maedche

middle | Karlsruhe University of Education | ORCID 0000-0001-6546-4816

Hans-Peter Schnurr

middle | Karlsruhe University of Education

Steffen Staab

last | Karlsruhe University of Education | ORCID 0000-0002-0780-4154

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BibTeX

@article{Erdmann2026From,
  title = {From manual to semi-automatic semantic annotation: about ontology-based text annotation tools},
  author = {Michael Erdmann and Alexander Maedche and Hans-Peter Schnurr and Steffen Staab},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.5445/ir/32582000},
  url = {http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.2.4325}
}

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