Chromatin Remodeling and Cancer Open access Peer reviewed

Defective microhomology-mediated end joining in SMARCB1 -deficient tumors

Guang‐Li Zhu, Shuhei Asada, Huy Nguyen, Yuna Hirohashi and 8 more

Science Advances | Aug 14, 2026

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What this paper is about

It is found that SMARCB1-deficient tumors have a defect in the microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ) pathway, and SMARCB1 is essential for maintaining the protein level of the core MMEJ protein, DNA Polymerase theta (PolΘ).

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Rhabdoid tumors (RTs) are highly aggressive cancers driven by biallelic mutation of SMARCB1 , a core subunit of the BAF (SWI/SNF) complex. We found that SMARCB1 -deficient tumors have a defect in the microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ) pathway, and SMARCB1 is essential for maintaining the protein level of the core MMEJ protein, DNA Polymerase theta (PolΘ). Mechanistically, SMARCB1 facilitates the nuclear export of the POLQ mRNA through its interaction with the nuclear pore complex. Interestingly, loss of MMEJ in RT cells leads to a compensatory activation of, and a hyper-dependence on, the Fanconi Anemia (FA)/BRCA pathway. Notably, degraders of RBM39, a splicing modulator, show strong antitumor efficacy in RT models in vitro and in vivo by disrupting FA/BRCA pathway. SMARCB1 and other cBAF/pBAF components are important for maintenance of MMEJ activity and PolΘ protein level, suggesting that BAF-deficient cancers more broadly may be treated by targeted inhibition of the FA/BRCA pathway.

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Authors

Researchers on this paper

Guang‐Li Zhu

first | Harvard University | ORCID 0000-0002-5895-1349

Shuhei Asada

middle | Harvard University | ORCID 0000-0001-6116-7996

Huy Nguyen

middle | Harvard University | ORCID 0000-0002-4424-1047

Yuna Hirohashi

middle | Harvard University

Lifang Sun

middle | Harvard University | ORCID 0000-0002-6807-3447

Avneesh Saravanapavan

middle | Duke University

Erfan Rahmani

middle | University of Delaware

Maryia Hrynashka

middle | University of Delaware

Sirisha Mukkavalli

middle | Harvard University | ORCID 0000-0002-8875-7985

Mona Batish

middle | University of Delaware | ORCID 0000-0001-9039-6149

Geoffrey I. Shapiro

middle | Harvard University | ORCID 0000-0002-3331-4095

Alan D. D’Andrea

last | Harvard University | ORCID 0000-0001-6168-6294

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Citation

BibTeX

@article{Zhu2026Defective,
  title = {Defective microhomology-mediated end joining in SMARCB1 -deficient tumors},
  author = {Guang‐Li Zhu and Shuhei Asada and Huy Nguyen and Yuna Hirohashi and Lifang Sun and Avneesh Saravanapavan and Erfan Rahmani and Maryia Hrynashka and Sirisha Mukkavalli and Mona Batish and Geoffrey I. Shapiro and Alan D. D’Andrea},
  journal = {Science Advances},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aed7743},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed7743}
}

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