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SOCS3 knockout of donor transplanted cells exacerbates GVHD associated with a high-fat diet in murine allogeneic HSCT

Sijia Wu, Hajime Ishiguro, Tatsuya Suwabe, Miho Yoshiike and 14 more

Scientific Reports | Sep 12, 2026

Abstract

Abstract

Suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins are negative regulators of cytokine signaling that are required to prevent excessive cellular responses. SOCS3 suppresses inflammation caused by metabolic stress, and a high-fat diet (HFD) accelerates the progression of systemic inflammation in systemic SOCS3 knockout (KO) mice via severe granulopoiesis. An HFD induces metabolic stress and chronic low-grade inflammation, contributing to graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) severity. We investigated the effects of SOCS3 deficiency in donor cells and HFD administration to recipients on the development of GVHD. Transplantation involving a wild-type (WT) donor and a recipient fed with an HFD resulted in skin and colon GVHD and shortened median survival time. Transplantation involving an SOCS3 KO donor and a recipient fed with an HFD exacerbated GVHD via increased CD4 and CD8 effector memory T cell ratios. Splenocytes after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation also showed high expression of CD49d, CD62L, and CD25 in CD4 + T cells and low expression of programmed cell death protein 1 and CD69 in CD8 + T cells. Analysis of recipient spleen cells 30 days after transplantation revealed higher interleukin-6 expression in groups receiving transplants from SOCS3 KO donors fed with a control diet or a HFD, compared with the group receiving transplants from WT donors fed a control diet. These results suggest that SOCS3 suppresses HFD-induced GVHD.

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Authors

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Sijia Wu

first | Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital

Hajime Ishiguro

middle | Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital | ORCID 0000-0003-1921-2778

Tatsuya Suwabe

middle | Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital | ORCID 0000-0003-0825-2512

Miho Yoshiike

middle | Niigata University

Hikaru Kanome

middle | Niigata University

Takaya Kobayashi

middle | Niigata University

Takumu Tsuchida

middle | Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital

Takayuki Katagiri

middle | Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital | ORCID 0000-0002-5396-8934

Kyoko Fuse

middle | Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital | ORCID 0000-0002-8273-9436

Masayoshi Masuko

middle | Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital | ORCID 0000-0002-3760-3089

Alexey Annenkov

middle | Niigata University

Riuko Ohashi

middle | Niigata University | ORCID 0000-0001-5820-7870

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Citation

BibTeX

@article{Wu2026SOCS3,
  title = {SOCS3 knockout of donor transplanted cells exacerbates GVHD associated with a high-fat diet in murine allogeneic HSCT},
  author = {Sijia Wu and Hajime Ishiguro and Tatsuya Suwabe and Miho Yoshiike and Hikaru Kanome and Takaya Kobayashi and Takumu Tsuchida and Takayuki Katagiri and Kyoko Fuse and Masayoshi Masuko and Alexey Annenkov and Riuko Ohashi and Masaya Araki and Yoshimi Nakagawa and Hideyo Hirai and Takero Shindo and Hirohito Sone and Takashi Ushiki},
  journal = {Scientific Reports},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.1038/s41598-026-69260-5},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-69260-5}
}

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