Mining Techniques and Economics Open access Peer reviewed

An Efficient Selection and Evaluation Hyper-Heuristic for Stochastic Underground Mine Production Scheduling

Jianli Cao, Bingchen Han, Z. Xiang, Yongyi Fang and 3 more

Mathematics | Jun 22, 2026

Abstract

Abstract

Underground mine production scheduling under uncertainty is a complex and multi-field coupling system project. In this study, underground mine production scheduling seeks to determine the optimal start time of extraction-related projects, with the objectives of maximizing net present value, minimizing makespan, and maximizing resource utilization rate. The Copula function is adopted to formulate the correlation between uncertain project duration and cost and generate a set of stochastic scenarios. Then, the K-means algorithm classifies the scenarios into multiple scenario families, and the SBR algorithm is adopted to perform scenario reduction. Moreover, a rank choice function-based hyper-heuristic algorithm is extended to solve the multi-objective optimization model, which makes an excellent balance among the three objective functions. For determining the optimal scheduling plan, the cross-efficiency DEA algorithm is used to evaluate the archive set, sort the optimal solution, and guide the next iteration. The computational case verifies the effectiveness and efficiency of the multi-objective underground mine scheduling model, stochastic scenario and technical and hyper-heuristic algorithm.

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Authors

Researchers on this paper

Jianli Cao

first | Northeastern University | ORCID 0000-0002-1644-4373

Bingchen Han

middle | Northeastern University

Z. Xiang

middle | Northeastern University

Yongyi Fang

middle | Northeastern University

Kejie Zou

middle | Northeastern University

Hangxing Ding

middle | Northeastern University | ORCID 0000-0003-1356-6399

Xinyu Liu

last | Taiyuan Iron and Steel Group (China)

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Citation

BibTeX

@article{Cao2026Efficient,
  title = {An Efficient Selection and Evaluation Hyper-Heuristic for Stochastic Underground Mine Production Scheduling},
  author = {Jianli Cao and Bingchen Han and Z. Xiang and Yongyi Fang and Kejie Zou and Hangxing Ding and Xinyu Liu},
  journal = {Mathematics},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.3390/math14122229},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/math14122229}
}

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