Abstract
Abstract
This article analyzes the conditions and trajectories of women who are enrolled in or have completed doctoral programs in Chile, within a broader context in which gender parity has already been achieved at the technical, undergraduate, and master’s levels of higher education, but has not extended to the doctoral level. Drawing on data from the Higher Education Information System (SIES) and nationally representative microdata from the 2022 National Socioeconomic Characterization Survey, the study applies descriptive statistical analyses to characterize this group according to academic, domestic, and labor-related variables. Special attention is paid to how women’s participation at the doctoral level reveals persistent structural barriers that remain largely invisible in undergraduate and master’s education. In particular, the article explores the interplay between academic demands, family responsibilities, and employment conditions, with the aim of understanding how these dimensions affect gendered trajectories. The results show that, unlike what is observed in other educational levels, women in doctoral programs face lower graduation rates, heavier domestic responsibilities, and lower incomes than their male peers, confirming that the doctorate continues to be a space where gender gaps persist and become more complex.[Este artículo analiza las condiciones y trayectorias de las mujeres que cursan o han completado programas de doctorado en Chile, en un contexto más amplio en el que ya se ha alcanzado la paridad de género en los niveles técnico, de grado y de máster de la educación superior, pero no en el nivel doctoral. A partir de datos del Sistema de Información de Educación Superior (SIES) y de microdatos representativos a escala nacional procedentes de la Encuesta de Caracterización Socioeconómica Nacional de 2022, el estudio aplica análisis estadísticos descriptivos para caracterizar a este grupo en función de variables académicas, domésticas y laborales. Se presta especial atención a la forma en que la participación de las mujeres en el nivel doctoral pone de manifiesto barreras estructurales persistentes que permanecen en gran medida invisibles en los estudios de grado y de máster. En particular, el artículo analiza la interacción entre las exigencias académicas, las responsabilidades familiares y las condiciones laborales, con el objetivo de comprender cómo afectan estas dimensiones a las trayectorias diferenciadas por género. Los resultados muestran que, a diferencia de lo que se observa en otros niveles educativos, las mujeres que cursan programas de doctorado presentan tasas de graduación más bajas, asumen mayores responsabilidades domésticas y perciben ingresos inferiores a los de sus homólogos varones, lo que confirma que el doctorado sigue siendo un ámbito en el que las brechas de género persisten y se vuelven más complejas].
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@article{Barrientos2026Women,
title = {Women in Higher Education in Chile: Gender Gaps in Doctoral Education},
author = {Cristobal Castro Barrientos and Fortunato Morales Ávila and Maria Jose Vasquez Silva and Miguel Zapata Pérez},
journal = {The International Journal of Diverse Identities},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.18848/2327-7866/cgp/a124},
url = {https://doi.org/10.18848/2327-7866/cgp/a124}
}
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