Retinoids in leukemia and cellular processes Open access Peer reviewed

F rom M echanism to C linical A pplication: E xploration of A rsenic T rioxide (ATO) in the T reatment of A cute P romyelocytic L eukemia and in O ther T ypes of L eukemia

Sitong Xiao, 张希诺

Theoretical and Natural Science | Oct 20, 2026

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The development history, mechanism of action, and clinical use of ATO, compares the therapeutic effects of drugs in leukemia with and without PML-RAR α targets, and confirms that specific targets directly determine whether drugs can exert targeted efficacy.

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Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) can form characteristic oncogenic fusion proteins, and traditional chemotherapy can cause serious adverse reactions. Clinically, targeted therapies with better safety have been explored. Existing research has confirmed the therapeutic effect of Arsenic trioxide (ATO) on this type of leukemia, but there is still a lack of systematic summary on whether it can be used for other types of leukemia. This article summarizes the development history, mechanism of action, and clinical use of ATO, compares the therapeutic effects of drugs in leukemia with and without PML-RAR α targets, and confirms that specific targets directly determine whether drugs can exert targeted efficacy. The content of this review can provide a reference for clinical arsenic agent selection and subsequent mechanism research. At present, the academic community still lacks complete long-term safety data for the long-term administration of arsenic drugs. Subsequent research can further optimize the administration method, try low-toxicity combination therapy, and further explore the potential application of arsenic drugs in tumor treatment.

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Sitong Xiao

first

张希诺

last | Nanjing Foreign Language School

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@article{Xiao2026echanism,
  title = {F rom M echanism to C linical A pplication: E xploration of A rsenic T rioxide (ATO) in the T reatment of A cute P romyelocytic L eukemia and in O ther T ypes of L eukemia},
  author = {Sitong Xiao and 张希诺},
  journal = {Theoretical and Natural Science},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.54254/2753-8818/2026.hz37948},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/2026.hz37948}
}

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