Magnetic Properties and Synthesis of Ferrites Open access Peer reviewed

Effect of Metal Nitrate to Fuel Ratio on the Structural, Morphological, Dielectric, Magnetic and Optical Properties of Cd2+-Doped Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles

Rekha R. Parlikar, Subhash M. Wani, Smita More, Asha A. Nawpute and 2 more

Asian Journal of Chemistry | Oct 9, 2026

Abstract

Abstract

In this study, Co0.7Cd0.3Fe2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized using the sol-gel auto-combustion method by varying the metal nitrate-to-fuel (MN/F) ratio, with dextrose serving as the fuel. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of a single-phase cubic spinel structure. The lattice parameter initially increased with increasing MN/F ratio and subsequently decreased, whereas the crystallite size estimated using the Scherrer equation remained nearly constant at approximately 31 nm across all compositions. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra exhibited characteristic absorption bands in the ranges of 574-548 cm–1 and 437-410 cm–1, corresponding to the metal–oxygen vibrations at the tetrahedral and octahedral sites, respectively. The Debye temperature increased as the MN/F ratio increased from 1:1.2 to 1:2, followed by a subsequent decrease. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images revealed densely packed, predominantly spherical grains with slight agglomeration. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed the presence of the expected constituent elements, namely cobalt, cadmium, iron, and oxygen. The dielectric properties exhibited an exponential decrease with the logarithm of frequency, with a pronounced dependence on the MN/F ratio. Furthermore, the optical band gap increased slightly from 1.78 to 1.83 eV. The saturation magnetization and related magnetic parameters increased with the MN/F ratio. These results establish the role of fuel content in modulating the structural, dielectric, optical and magnetic characteristics of Co0.7Cd0.3Fe2O4 nanoparticles.

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Authors

Researchers on this paper

Rekha R. Parlikar

first | ORCID 0000-0002-8942-6918

Subhash M. Wani

middle | G.S. Science, Arts And Commerce College | ORCID 0009-0009-0834-264X

Smita More

middle | ORCID 0000-0001-7111-1996

Asha A. Nawpute

middle | ORCID 0000-0001-9164-4941

Rahul R. Chilwar

middle | ORCID 0009-0007-6384-3952

Kamalakar M. Jadhav

last | ORCID 0000-0001-9911-411X

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Citation

BibTeX

@article{Parlikar2026Effect,
  title = {Effect of Metal Nitrate to Fuel Ratio on the Structural, Morphological, Dielectric, Magnetic and Optical Properties of Cd2+-Doped Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles},
  author = {Rekha R. Parlikar and Subhash M. Wani and Smita More and Asha A. Nawpute and Rahul R. Chilwar and Kamalakar M. Jadhav},
  journal = {Asian Journal of Chemistry},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.14233/ajchem.2026.36623},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2026.36623}
}

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